Qubit Systems Inc. » Respirometry

D201 Basic Controller Instrument

MK — Fri, 20 Aug 2010 17:17:11 +0000

The D201 is a programmable pre-amplifier with galvanic isolation, built-in display, two digital relays and menu-driven button controlled operation. It is designed to amplify/isolate a range of different analog signals (mA, mV, V, TC, Pt100, PtNi) from a wide range of sensors or instrument outputs. This instrument is a vital component of the D202 Oxygen Regulation System.

Included:

Controller instrument
Suitcase
Input connector
Device connector (x2)
Data cable
Power cord
User manuals

The D201 Basic Controller Instrument compares the measured value with two set-points and activate two digital relays.

Controller Specifications

Supply voltage (universal)	21.6-253 VAC, 50-60 Hz or 19.2-300 VDC
Internal Consumption	3.2 W
Signal- / noise ratio	Min. 60 dB (0-100 kHz)
Response time, programmable	0.4-60 s
Calibration temperature	20-28°C
Accuracy	≤±0.1% of reading
Temperature Coefficient	≤±0.01% of reading/ °C
EMC immunity influence	≤±0.5% of reading
Relay function	Setpoint
Hysteresis, in % / display counts	0.1-25% / 1-2999
On and Off delay	0-3600 s
Max. voltage	250 VRMS
Max. current	2 A / AC
Max. AC power	500 VA

IMPORTANT: DO NOT connect relays to >500W equipment (max 2 A, 250 V).

D602 Glass Micro-Respiration Chambers

MK — Fri, 20 Aug 2010 17:07:01 +0000

The D602 is a handmade micro-respiration chamber consisting of two parts:

a custom-sized glass chamber of variable volume (500 – 5000 µl), inner diameter is 11.2 mm
a 3-port glass stopper made for intermittent flow respirometry using fiber-optic needle-type sensors (O2 or pH) or other micro sensors.

Included:

One custom-sized glass chamber
One 3-port glass stopper
One glass spacer
One glass coated magnetic stir bar
Stainless steel net for separation of magnet and fragile samples, 10 cm²

Features:

Volumes in the range of 0.5 – 5 mL are available to fit different respiration or photosynthetic rates
Designed for intermittent flow respirometry for long-term experiments with high temporal resolution and sensitivity
No materials acting as oxygen sources or sinks
Chamber and stopper made in borosilicate glass to give a tight seal and prevent diffusion of oxygen between the chamber and surroundings
Designed for use with oxygen micro sensors featuring no O2 consumption, low response time, no stir effect, no cross-sensitivity, no electrical interference, sterilizable (H2O2, EtOH) etc.

NB: every chamber is handmade from borosilicate glass and therefore, their exact volumes have to be determined individually!

Measuring Principle:

One port is for the micro sensor and is made as an open capillary tube (0.75 ×14 mm) so tiny that it effectively prevents diffusion of air if filled with water or oil. The other two ports are for flushing the chamber intermittently with a peristaltic pump. Both of these are fitted with pieces of steel needle for tygon tubes.

Fragile samples are separated from the glass-coated magnetic stir bar, by placing a piece of stainless steel net (mesh size 250 µm) on top of a glass spacer O-ring.

Applications:

Oxygen consumption of individual eggs, embryos and larvae (invertebrates, fish)
Net oxygen evolution and respiration rates of phytoplankton cultures of low density
Other applications with very low oxygen fluxes

DAQ-F4X Four Channel, Fiber Optic Aquatic Respirometry System (with ambient water control)

MK — Fri, 23 Jul 2010 14:55:43 +0000

DAQ-F4X is used in automated oxygen consumption measurements in multiple chambers (up to 4) using fiber optics. The system will deliver MO2 data of unbeaten time resolution, and take care of data acquisition, analysis, statistics, and relay control of pumps (intermittent flow respirometry).

The system includes instruments to regulate ambient water temperature or oxygen saturation.

Fully automated MO2 measurements in aquatic organisms (i.e. fish, aquatic invertebrates etc.) with unbeaten time resolution.
On-the-fly data acquistion, analysis and graphical presentation of respirometric data.
Automatic control of experimental pumps.

In short, the system will:

Collect oxygen data from the respirometer chamber via isolated pre-amplifier and A/D device (or directly from fiber-optic instrument’s software).
Calculate oxygen consumption rates during each measuring period. Raw and calculated data are saved in an Excel compatible file format.
Control activity of experimental pumps via digital-controlled 110/240V relays (3A) for mixing and flushing between measuring periods.
Control ambient water oxygen partial pressure from optional oxygen probe (in ambient tank) input to preset value via relay and solenoid (optional).
Correct for solid blocking effects during swim respirometry experiments, allowing swimming speed to be read and controlled as body lengths per second, rather than cm per second.
Repeatedly determine oxygen consumption rate every 5 – 10 min.
Graph analyzed data (e.g. MO2 vs. Time, MO2 vs. Swim speed, MO2 vs. O2 etc.) during experiments.
Control ambient water temperature from optional temperature input.

Basic functions:

Calibrating sensor inputs and converting them into engineering units
Run intermittent flow (or stop flow) respirometry experiments automatically
Perform online data analysis, statistics and graphical displays
Save all raw and calculated data in a text file
AutoResp Software copy protection (USB hardkey dongle)

DAQ-F4X System Includes:

DAQ-4 instrument
AutoResp™ 4 Software
OXY-4 fiber optic instrument for mini or micro optodes
Oxygen Regulation System
Temperature Regulation System
User manual

DAQ-F4X system DOES NOT include:

Pumps
Tubing
Respirometry chambers
Fiber optic O2 sensors

Features:

Software time control of flush pump to any value
Fiber optic oxygen sensors
Oxygen units in % air sat., % O2 sat., kPa or Torr
Standard two-point sensor calibration
Sampling rate (1-10Hz) and moving average (1-30)
On-the-fly calculations of oxygen consumption rate
On-the-fly calculations of R² statistic
On-the-fly solid blocking correction of swim speed
Quick restart of paused experiments and all settings saved
Compiled data in Excel file and all raw data in txt files

Specifications:

Power: 110/230VAC, 50/60Hz
PC interface: USB1.1
Resolution: 16-bit
Analog inputs: 6 x 0-5VDC
Output relays: 4 x 110/230VAC (3A)
Dimensions (W x D x H): 210 x 200 x 74mm
Weight: 1.4 kg

Computer Requirements:

Windows 98/2000/XP or Vista
Intel Pentium IV processor of minimum 2.66 GHz or equivalent
1Gb memory
1Gb of free hard disk space
Minimum resolution of 1024×768 pixels is required.

Typical System Setup:

Experimental Settings

Calibration Menu

Experimental Run Screen

DAQ-F4S Four Channel, Fiber Optic Aquatic Respirometry System

MK — Fri, 23 Jul 2010 14:08:31 +0000

DAQ-F4S is used for automated oxygen consumption measurements in up to 4 chambers using fiber optics. The system will deliver MO2 data of unbeaten time resolution, and take care of data acquisition, analysis, statistics, and relay control of pumps (intermittent flow respirometry).

Features:

Software time control of flush pump to any value
Fiber optic oxygen sensor
Oxygen units in % air sat., % O2 sat., kPa or Torr
Standard two-point sensor calibration
Sampling rate (1-10Hz) and moving average (1-30)
On-the-fly calculations of oxygen consumption rate
On-the-fly calculations of R² statistic
On-the-fly solid blocking correction of swim speed
Quick restart of paused experiments and all settings saved
Compiled data in Excel file and all raw data in txt files

DAQ-4 USB instrument (for use with 4 respirometer chamber):

Power: 110/230VAC, 50/60Hz
PC interface: USB1.1
Resolution: 16-bit
Analog inputs: 6 x 0-5VDC
Output relays: 4 x 110/230VAC (3A)
Dimensions (W x D x H): 210 x 200 x 74mm
Weight: 1.4 kg

Computer Requirements:

Windows 98/2000/XP or Vista
Intel Pentium IV processor of minimum 2.66 GHz or equivalent
1Gb memory
1Gb of free hard disk space
Minimum resolution of 1024×768 pixels is required.

Typical System Setup:

In short, the system will:

Collect oxygen data from the respirometer chamber via isolated pre-amplifier and A/D device (or directly from fiber-optic instrument’s software).
Calculate oxygen consumption rates during each measuring period. Raw and calculated data are saved in an Excel compatible file format.
Control activity of experimental pumps via digital-controlled 110/240V relays (3A) for mixing and flushing between measuring periods.
Control ambient water oxygen partial pressure from optional oxygen probe (in ambient tank) input to preset value via relay and solenoid (optional).
Correct for solid blocking effects during swim respirometry experiments, allowing swimming speed to be read and controlled as body lengths per second, rather than cm per second.
Repeatedly determine oxygen consumption rate every 5 – 10 min.
Graph analyzed data (e.g. MO2 vs. Time, MO2 vs. Swim speed, MO2 vs. O2 etc.) during experiments.
Control ambient water temperature from optional temperature input.
AND MUCH MORE…………

Basic functions:

Calibrating sensor inputs and converting them into engineering units
Run intermittent flow (or stop flow) respirometry experiments automatically
Perform online data analysis, statistics and graphical displays
Save all raw and calculated data in a text file
Software copy protection (USB hardkey dongle)

DAQ-F4S system includes:

DAQ-4 USB instrument (for use with 4 respirometer chambers)
AutoResp®4 software for WinXP
Power cord
USB cable
4-fold adapter cable for pumps (2)
Input connectors (2)
Device connectors (2)
User Manual
D901 Mini Dissolved Oxygen Probe x (4)
D901-KIT maintenance kit (2)
Signal conditioning instrument (for D901 DO2 Probes)
Input connector
Device connector
Power cord
Data cable
User manual

DAQ-F4S system DOES NOT include:

Pumps
Tubing
Respirometry chambers
Fiber Optic Oxygen Sensors

Experimental Settings

Calibration Menu

Experimental Run Screen

S120 Dissolved O2 Probe

MK — Thu, 01 Jul 2010 17:56:27 +0000

The S120 Dissolved Oxygen Probe with built in amplifier is ideal for field use and measuring oxygen concentration in larger containers. The electrode has integrated temperature compensation so that calibration can be done in the lab. The probe can then be used in the field without the need for recalibration or temperature correction calculations.

Specifications:

Range: 0 to 15 mg/L (or ppm)
Accuracy: 0.2 mg/L
Resolution (with 12-bit interface): 0.014 mg/L
Response Time: 95% of final reading in 30 seconds, 98% in 45 seconds
Temperature Compensation: Automatic from 5-35oC
Pressure Compensation: Manual, accounted for during calibration
Salinity Compensation: Manual, accounted for during calibration
Minimum Sample Flow: 20 cm/second
warranty: 2 years

Calibration of S120 Dissolved O2 Probe is easy! All of the requirements for calibration are supplied with the probe. Using C901 Logger Pro software, the probe can be calibrated in units of mg O2/L, % Dissolved Oxygen, ppm or whatever units are appropriate

For many oxygen electrodes, changing the membrane is an awkward process. With the S120, the membrane cap is an integral part of the probe and it and is easy to change (screws on to the end of the probe). A spare membrane cap is included with the probe and additional caps can be ordered separately.

DAQ-F1X Single Channel, Fiber Optic Aquatic Respirometry System (with ambient water control)

MK — Wed, 16 Jun 2010 18:11:07 +0000

DAQ-F1X is used for automated oxygen consumption measurements in a single chamber using fiber optics. The system will deliver MO2 data of unbeaten time resolution, and take care of data acquisition, analysis, statistics, and relay control of pumps (intermittent flow respirometry).

The system includes instruments to regulate ambient water temperature or oxygen saturation.

PC requirements:

Windows 98/2000/XP or Vista
Intel Pentium IV processor of minimum 1.5 GHz or equivalent
1 GB memory
1GB of free hard disk space
Minimum resolution of 1024×768 pixels is required.

Included:

Data acquisition instrument
AutoResp™ software (CD)
D-FIBOX or D-MICROX fiber optic oxygen instrument
Oxygen regulation system
Temperature regulation system
Input connector
User manual

The DAQ-F1X system DOES NOT include:

Pumps
Tubing
Respirometry chambers
Fiber optic O2 sensor

Features:

Software time control of flush pump to any value
Fiber optic oxygen sensor
Control systems for ambient water temperature and [O2]
Oxygen units in % air sat., % O2 sat., kPa or Torr
Standard two-point sensor calibration
Sampling rate (1-10Hz) and moving average (1-30)
On-the-fly calculations of oxygen consumption rate
On-the-fly calculations of R² statistic
On-the-fly solid blocking correction of swim speed
Quick restart of paused experiments and all settings saved
Compiled data in Excel file and all raw data in txt files
Ten real-time graphs
- Chamber O2 vs Time
- Ambient O2 vs Time
- MO2 vs Time
- MO2 vs avg chamber O2
- MO2 vs avg Uwater
- MO2 vs Uswim
- Avg Temp vs Time
- Current temp vs Time
- R² vs Time
- Current R² vs Time

Consider the DAQ-F4X package for measurements in four chambers simultaneously.

Experimental Settings

Calibration Menu

Experimental Run Screen

DAQ-F1S Single Channel, Fiber Optic Aquatic Respirometry System

MK — Wed, 16 Jun 2010 16:40:35 +0000

DAQ-F1S is used for automated oxygen consumption measurements in a single chamber using fiber optics. The system will deliver MO2 data of unbeaten time resolution, and take care of data acquisition, analysis, statistics, and relay control of pumps (intermittent flow respirometry).

PC requirements:

Windows 98/2000/XP or Vista
Intel Pentium IV processor of minimum 1.5 GHz or equivalent
1 GB memory
1GB of free hard disk space
Minimum resolution of 1024×768 pixels is required

Included:

Data acquisition instrument
AutoResp™ software (CD)
D-FIBOX or D-MICROX fiber optic oxygen instrument
Input connectors (x2)
Device connectors (x2)
User manual

The DAQ-F1S system DOES NOT include:

Pumps
Tubing
Respirometry chambers
Fiber optic O2 sensor

Features:

Software time control of flush pump to any value
Fiber optic oxygen sensor
Oxygen units in % air sat., % O2 sat., kPa or Torr
Standard two-point sensor calibration
Sampling rate (1-10Hz) and moving average (1-30)
On-the-fly calculations of oxygen consumption rate
On-the-fly calculations of R² statistic
On-the-fly solid blocking correction of swim speed
Quick restart of paused experiments and all settings saved
Compiled data in Excel file and all raw data in txt files
Ten real-time graphs
- Chamber O2 vs Time
- Ambient O2 vs Time
- MO2 vs Time
- MO2 vs avg chamber O2
- MO2 vs avg Uwater
- MO2 vs Uswim
- Avg Temp vs Time
- Current temp vs Time
- R² vs Time
- Current R² vs Time

Consider the extended package (DAQ-F1X), including equipment to monitor and control ambient water temperature and oxygen saturation.

Experimental Settings

Calibration Menu

Experimental Run Screen

D950 – Waste Water Respirometry System

MK — Tue, 15 Jun 2010 18:27:31 +0000

D950 Waste Water Respirometry System is a single or multi-channel systems for automated respirometric measurements of activated sludge or waste water samples.

Fiber optic oxygen sensing technology with online temperature compensation and control, provides unbeaten temporal resolution and precision of data.

Particularly good for research, diagnostics or process optimization.

Oxygen optodes (sensors) are unaffected by stirring, pressure, CO2, H2S, ions, solutes etc. – no cross-sensitivity or poisoning.

User-friendly software and USB instrumentation for effortless operation, sensor calibration, data acquisition, calculations, graphs, analysis and statistics.

Applications:

OUR (oxygen utilization rate)
Short-term BOD (biological oxygen demand)
Activated sludge analysis
Waste water analysis
Respiration inhibition
Toxic effects of influents
Laboratory respirometry
Substrate/feed/nutrient effects
Sludge monitoring
Oxygen and temperature measurements and regulation

Included (single channel system):

Data acquisition instrument for USB interface
AutoResp™ software for Windows
Fibox 3 fiber optic oxygen instrument for mini sensors
Fiber optic oxygen mini sensor
Water temperature monitoring and control system
Oxygen analyzer and regulator system
User manual

Optional:

Customer specified chambers/reactors made in glass, stainless steel or plastic materials
Multichannel temperature controllers for independent monitoring and regulation of samples
Stirrers, hotplates, refrigerated baths

Specifications:

Operational modes: cyclic or triggered by O2 set points (min/max)
Data resolution: 16-bit (full optical insulation)
Sampling frequency: 1 Hz (1-channel); 2 Hz (4-channel)
Sensor response time: <20 sec (T90)
Sensor accuracy: 1% air sat.
Calibration: 2-point (sodium sulphite or N2, and air/O2)
Files: txt and csv (Excel)
PC interface: USB
OS: WinXP/Vista/Win7
Power: 110V/60Hz or 230V/50Hz

DT185 Swim Tunnel Respirometer (185L)

admin — Tue, 15 Jun 2010 12:34:12 +0000

Qubit’s swim tunnel respirometers have been developed for measuring the physiology, energetics, behavior, biomechanics and kinematics of swimming fish, through years of research and laboratory use. Applications also include flow visualization studies and public display of swimming animals. The DT185 is a 185L Swim Tunnel Respirometer.

The unique and compact design allows adequate space for movements and at the same time a low volume required for reliable oxygen consumption measurements.

Acrylic materials and square walls makes for excellent observation of animals from above and from the side. A surrounding temperature bath, external motor and built-in heat exchanger, allow accurate control of water temperatures at all times.

Product #	Volume (L)	Test Section (cm)	Fish Size (g)	Water Speed (cm/s)	Footprint (cm)	Power (V)
DT5	5	30.0 x 7.5 x 7.5	20-80	3-110	117 x 40	110 or 230
DT10	10	40.0 x 10 x 10	50-150	3-110	128 x 45	110 or 230
DT32	32	55.0 x 14 x 14	175-500	3-110	147 x 53	110 or 230
DT90	90	70.0 x 20 x 20	450-1500	5-150	188 x 71	110 or 230
DT185	185	87.5 x 25 x 25	750-1500	10-225	227 x 91	3 x 230

Features:

Anti-corrosive materials for minimum maintenance
Tool free assembly for easy cleaning and transportation
Double-lid for easy instrumentation and handling of animals
Adjustable vanes for modifying flow profile in test section
Speed control with analog input and output
Re-usable wooden crate for transportation
Ports for oxygen and temperature probes

Included:

Swim tunnel respirometer
Temperature bath (surrounding buffer tank)
Submersible flush pump
Speed control (frequency converter) with analog input and output
Fittings, tubing, tools
Maintenance kit (bearings, seals, wing nuts, washers)
User manual
Wooden crate on a flat pallet

**Custom-made swim tunnels available upon request**

Side View of Swimming Goldfish

Top View of Swimming Goldfish

Complete Swim Tunnel Setup

Andreas Pettersson, Jana Pickova and Eva Brännäs (2010). Swimming performance at different temperatures and fatty acid composition of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) fed palm and rapeseed oils. Aquaculture, volume 300, issues 1-4, 27 February 2010, Pages 176-181.

Ben Speers-Roesch, Erik Sandblom, Gigi Y. Lau, Anthony P. Farrell, and Jeffrey G. Richards (2010). Effects of environmental hypoxia on cardiac energy metabolism and performance in tilapia. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 298:R104-R119.

J. D. Kieffer, L. M. Arsenault, K. Litvak (2009). Behaviour and performance of juvenile shortnose sturgeon Acipenser brevirostrum at different water velocities. Journal of Fish Biology, Volume 74 Issue 3, Pages 674 – 682.

Frank Melzner, Sandra Göbel, Martina Langenbuch, Magdalena A. Gutowska, Hans-O. Pörtner and Magnus Lucassen (2009). Swimming performance in Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) following long-term (4–12 months) acclimation to elevated seawater PCO2. Aquatic Toxicology, 92 (1), 30-37.

M. Vagner, C. Lefrançois, R. S. Ferrari, A. Satta and P. Domenici (2008). The effect of acute hypoxia on swimming stamina at optimal swimming speed in flathead grey mullet Mugil cephalus. Journal Marine Biology 155 (2): 183-190.

Emily A. Jones, Arianne S. Jong and David J. Ellerby (2008). The effects of acute temperature change on swimming performance in bluegill sunfish Lepomis macrochirus. Journal of Experimental Biology 211, 1386-1393.

Blank,J.M, Farwell, C.J., Morrissette, J.M., Schallert, R.J. & Block, B.A. (2007). Influence of Swimming Speed on Metabolic Rates of Juvenile Pacific Bluefin Tuna and Yellowfin Tuna. Physiol. Biochem. Zool. 80(2):167–177.

Zachary A. Sutphin, Christopher A. Myrick, and Mandi M. Brandt (2007). Swimming Performance of Sacramento Splittail Injected with Subcutaneous Marking Agents. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 2007; 27: 1378-1382.

Kendall, J.L., Lucey, K.S., Jones, E.A., Wang,J. & Ellerby, D.J. (2007). Mechanical and energetic factors underlying gait transitions in Bluegill Sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus). The Journal of Experimental Biology 210, 4265-4271.

Jones, E.A., Kaitlyn, S.L. & Ellerby, D.J. (2007). Efficiency of labriform swimming in the Bluegill Sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus). The Journal of Experimental Biology 210, 3422-3429.

Jason M. Blank, Charles J. Farwell, Jeffery M. Morrissette, Robert J. Schallert and Barbara A. Block (2007). Influence of Swimming Speed on Metabolic Rates of Juvenile Pacific Bluefin Tuna and Yellowfin Tuna. Physiological and Biochemical Zoology 80(2):167-177.

E. Azizi, T. Landberg and R.J. Wassersug (2007). Vertebral function during tadpole locomotion. Zoology 110(4), 290-297.

Eliason, E. J., Higgs, D.A. & Farrell, A.P. (2007). Effect of isoenergetic diets with different protein and lipid content on the growth performance and heat increment of rainbow trout. Aquaculture (in press).

Blank, J.M.; Farwell, C.J.; Schallert, R.J.; Morrissette, J.M.; Block, B.A. (2005). Metabolic Rate of the Pacific Bluefin Tuna, Thunnus orientalis. Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, SICB 2005 Meeting.

Svendsen, J. C., Skov, J., Bildsø, M & Steffensen, J. F. (2003). Intra-school positional preference and reduced tail beat frequency in trailing positions in schooling roach under experimental conditions. J. Fish Biol. 62, 834-846.

Taylor, J.F. Steffensen and M.P. Estrada (2003). Effects of growth hormone transgenesis on metabolic rate, exercise performance and hypoxia tolerance in tilapia hybrids. J. Fish Biol. 63: 398-409.

Korsmeyer, K., Steffensen, J. F. & Herskin, J. (2002). Energetics of rigid-body swimming, undulatory swimming, and gait transition in parrotfish (Scarus schlegeli) and triggerfish (Rhinecanthus aculeatus). J. exp. Biol. 205; 1253-1263.

Herskin, J. & Steffensen, J. F. (1998). Reduced tail beat frequency and oxygen consumption due to hydrodynamic interactions of schooling sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax L. J. Fish Biology. 53; 366-376.

Schurmann, H. & Steffensen, J. F. (1997) Effects of temperature, hypoxia and activity on the metabolism of Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua. J. Fish Biology. 50; 1166-1180.

Bushnell, P. G., Steffensen, J. F. & Schurmann, H. (1993). Exercise metabolism of two species of cod in Arctic waters, Atlantic cod ,Gadus morhua, and uvak ,Gadus ogak. Polar Biology. 14; 14; 43-48.

Steffensen, J. F. (l985). The transition from active to ram ventilation in fishes: energetic consequences and dependence on water oxygen tension. J. exp. Biol. 114; 141-150.

Steffensen, J. F., Johansen, K. and Bushnell, P. G. (l984). An automated swimming respirometer. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 79A; 473-476.

DT90 Swim Tunnel Respirometer (90L)

MK — Tue, 15 Jun 2010 12:32:38 +0000

The unique and compact design allows adequate space for movements and at the same time a low volume required for reliable oxygen consumption measurements.

Product#	Volume(L)	Test Section(cm)	Fish Size(g)	Water Speed(cm/s)	Footprint(cm)	Power(V)
DT5	5	30.0 x 7.5 x 7.5	20-80	3-110	117 x 40	110 or 230
DT10	10	40.0 x 10 x 10	50-150	3-110	128 x 45	110 or 230
DT32	32	55.0 x 14 x 14	175-500	3-110	147 x 53	110 or 230
DT90	90	70.0 x 20 x 20	450-1500	5-150	188 x 71	110 or 230
DT185	185	87.5 x 25 x 25	750-1500	10-225	227 x 91	3 x 230

Features:

Anti-corrosive materials for minimum maintenance
Tool free assembly for easy cleaning and transportation
Double-lid for easy instrumentation and handling of animals
Adjustable vanes for modifying flow profile in test section
Speed control with analog input and output
Re-usable wooden crate for transportation
Ports for oxygen and temperature probes

Included:

Swim tunnel respirometer
Temperature bath (surrounding buffer tank)
Submersible flush pump
Speed control (frequency converter) with analog input and output
Fittings, tubing, tools
Maintenance kit (bearings, seals, wing nuts, washers)
User manual
Wooden crate on a flat pallet

**Custom-made swim tunnels available upon request**

Side View of Swimming Goldfish

Top View of Swimming Goldfish

Complete Swim Tunnel Setup

Jones, E.A., Kaitlyn, S.L. & Ellerby, D.J. (2007). Efficiency of labriform swimming in the Bluegill Sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus). The Journal of Experimental Biology 210, 3422-3429.

E. Azizi, T. Landberg and R.J. Wassersug (2007). Vertebral function during tadpole locomotion. Zoology 110(4), 290-297.

Schurmann, H. & Steffensen, J. F. (1997) Effects of temperature, hypoxia and activity on the metabolism of Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua. J. Fish Biology. 50; 1166-1180.

Steffensen, J. F. (l985). The transition from active to ram ventilation in fishes: energetic consequences and dependence on water oxygen tension. J. exp. Biol. 114; 141-150.

Steffensen, J. F., Johansen, K. and Bushnell, P. G. (l984). An automated swimming respirometer. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 79A; 473-476.